BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİNİN G8 ÜLKELERİNDEKİ GELİŞİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

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Year-Number: 2022-1(2)
Yayımlanma Tarihi: 2022-12-30 16:18:29.0
Language : Türkçe
Konu : İşletme
Number of pages: 165-178
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Abstract

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi (BİT), bilgi teknolojisi ve iletişim teknolojisi olmak üzere iki terimi tek çatı altında toplayan ve bu teknolojiler arasındaki ilişkiyi vurgulayan bir terimdir. BİT'in çeşitli sektörlerde hızlı büyümesi ve yayılmasıyla, BİT artık ekonomik ve sosyal büyüme üzerinde somut bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu makale, entegre bir ÇKKV yaklaşımı kullanarak ekonomik ve sosyal göstergelere dayalı olarak BİT gelişimini değerlendirmeye çalışmaktadır. Gerçek karşılaştırma için G8 ülkelerinden veri setleri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada önerilen entegre model çerçevesinde G8 ülkelerinin performansını değerlendirmek için BİT katma değeri, BİT istihdamı, BİT yatırımı, BİT malları ihracatı, evde bilgisayara erişimi olan haneler, sabit geniş bant, e-devlet hazırlık endeksi, kablosuz geniş bant, toplam mobil hücresel abonelik gibi dokuz kriter dikkate alındı. Çalışmada BİT gelişimini G8 ülkelri için performansının ölçülmesi amacıyla seçilmiş olan kriterlere ilişkin objektif ağırlık katsayıları önce PSI ve LOPCOW ile tespit edilmiştir. Sonra bu ağırlıklar Bayes yaklaşımı ile birleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular BİT gelişimi için en önemli (önemsiz) kriterin BİT istihdamı (BİT malları ihracatı) olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ardından, CRADIS ve CoCoSo yöntemleri G8 ülkelerinden en iyi olanı belirlemek için uygulanmıştır.  Her iki sıralama sonuçları aynı şekilde meydana gelmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre BİT gelişimi açısında ABD en iyi İtalya en kötü ülke olmuştur.

Keywords

Abstract

Information and communication technology (ICT) is a term that combines two terms, information technology and communication technology, under one roof and emphasizes the relationship between these technologies. With the rapid growth and spread of ICT in various sectors, ICT now has a tangible impact on economic and social growth. This article attempts to assess ICT development based on economic and social indicators using an integrated MCDM approach. Data sets from G8 countries were used for actual comparison. For this purpose, nine criteria such as ICT added value, ICT employment, ICT investment, exports of ICT goods, households with computer access at home, fixed broadband, e-government readiness index, wireless broadband, total mobile cellular subscription were taken into account to evaluate the performance of G8 countries within the framework of the integrated model proposed in the study. In the study, the objective weight coefficients related to the criteria selected to measure the performance of ICT development for G8 countries were first determined by PSI and LOPCOW. Then these weights were combined with the Bayesian approach.The findings reveal that the most important (insignificant) criterion for ICT development is ICT employment (export of ICT goods). Then, the CRADIS and CoCoSo methods were applied to determine the best of the G8 countries. Both ranking results occurred in the same way. According to the results obtained, in terms of ICT development, the USA has been the best country and Italy the worst.

Keywords


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